People can also become infected by drinking polluted water or eating vegetables washed or irrigated with contaminated water. The most typical way to happen is by eating raw watercress or other polluted freshwater plants. People become infected by inadvertently swallowing the parasite. The transition from metacercariae to adult flukes normally takes 3–4 months in humans. The immature flukes then travel through the parenchyma of the liver to the biliary ducts, where they mature into adult flukes and lay eggs. Ingestion of metacercariae-contaminated vegetation infects humans and other mammals.Īfter ingestion, the exocyst in the duodenum passes through the intestinal wall into the peritoneal cavity. The cercariae encyst metacercariae on aquatic plants or other substrates after being released from the snail. The parasites in the snail go through numerous stages of development. Miracidia are encysted versions of the parasite. These eggs release miracidia, which enter a suitable snail intermediate host. In freshwater, eggs become embryos for two weeks. Immature eggs are expelled and passed in the stool picture in the biliary ducts. The intermediate host is the one that attains the parasite’s larval stage or asexual forms. The definitive host is a creature infected with the adult parasite and can reproduce sexually. Most commonly, it’s sheep that becomes the definitive host. They are found primarily in domestic and wild cattle. One of the largest digeneans infecting people is Fasciola hepatica, sometimes known as the (sheep liver fluke). Life cycle & mode of transmission of the Liver Fluke Fasciola hepatica can be found on every continent except Antarctica, and it is significantly more frequent in underdeveloped countries. Fascioliasis is present in over 50 nations, primarily in areas where sheep or cattle are raised. It’s sometimes known as “the common liver fluke” or “the sheep liver fluke.” Fasciola hepatica is a parasitic infection that is responsible for fascioliasis. Fasciola hepatica is a waterborne and foodborne zoonotic disease.
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